{"id":36,"date":"2021-07-24T19:46:48","date_gmt":"2021-07-24T17:46:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/voluntaryregistry.com\/?page_id=36"},"modified":"2021-12-16T16:28:09","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T15:28:09","slug":"az-uhg-tarsadalmi-koltsege","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/voluntaryregistry.com\/ro\/az-uhg-tarsadalmi-koltsege\/","title":{"rendered":"Costul social al emisiilor de GES"},"content":{"rendered":"

Evaluarea beneficiilor reducerii emisiilor de gaze cu efect de ser\u0103.<\/span><\/h2>\n

Agen\u021bia pentru Protec\u021bia Mediului din SUA (EPA) a publicat \u00een 2015 un raport actualizat care estimeaz\u0103 costul total al carbonului pentru societate. Figura de mai jos \u0219i figurile din anexele originale rezum\u0103 aceste costuri \u00een timp, \u00een func\u021bie de diferite riscuri \u0219i ipoteze ale \u0219tiin\u021bei climei. Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103, pentru fiecare ton\u0103 de dioxid de carbon pe care o emitem \u00een atmosfer\u0103, vom sacrifica \u00eentre 42 \u0219i 138 de dolari \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te degradarea mediului \u0219i impactul social negativ \u00eentre 2020 \u0219i 2025. \u00cen practic\u0103, aceste ar trebui s\u0103 fie luate \u00een considerare \u00een pre\u021bul creditelor de carbon<\/a>.<\/span><\/h3>\n

EPA \u0219i alte agen\u021bii federale utilizeaz\u0103 estim\u0103ri ale costului social al emisiilor de dioxid de carbon (SC-CO2<\/sub>) pentru a evalua impactul asupra climei al reglement\u0103rilor. SC-CO2<\/sub> reprezint\u0103 o m\u0103sur\u0103 \u00een dolari a daunelor pe termen lung cauzate de emiterea unei tone de dioxid de carbon (CO2<\/sub>) \u00eentr-un anumit an. Aceast\u0103 valoare \u00een dolari este, de asemenea, valoarea daunelor care pot fi evitate cu mici reduceri de emisii (adic\u0103 beneficiul reducerilor de CO2<\/sub>).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ceast\u0103 valoare \u00een dolari este, de asemenea, valoarea daunelor care pot fi evitate cu mici reduceri de emisii (adic\u0103 beneficiul reducerilor de CO2<\/sub>)<\/p>\n

Sc-CO2<\/sub> este o estimare cuprinz\u0103toare a daunelor cauzate de schimb\u0103rile climatice \u0219i include modific\u0103ri ale productivit\u0103\u021bii agricole nete, ale s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii umane, daune materiale cauzate de cre\u0219terea riscului de inunda\u021bii \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale costurilor sistemelor energetice, cum ar fi reduceri ale costurilor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i cre\u0219teri ale costurilor de aer condi\u021bionat. Cu toate acestea, din cauza limit\u0103rii actuale a model\u0103rii \u0219i a datelor, nu sunt incluse toate daunele importante. Cel de-al cincilea raport de evaluare al IPCC a constatat c\u0103 estim\u0103rile SC-CO2<\/sub> omit o serie de efecte care ar putea cre\u0219te daunele. Modelele utilizate pentru a elabora estim\u0103rile SC-CO2<\/sub>, a\u0219a-numitele modele de evaluare integrat\u0103, nu includ \u00een prezent toate efectele fizice, ecologice \u0219i economice importante ale schimb\u0103rilor climatice recunoscute \u00een literatura de specialitate, din cauza lipsei de informa\u021bii exacte privind natura daunelor \u0219i a faptului c\u0103 rezultatele \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u00eencorporate \u00een aceste modele sunt, \u00een mod natural, \u00een dezacord cu cele mai recente cercet\u0103ri. Cu toate acestea, estim\u0103rile actuale ale SC-CO2<\/sub> ofer\u0103 o m\u0103sur\u0103 util\u0103 pentru evaluarea impactului climatic al schimb\u0103rilor \u00een emisiile de CO2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

EPA \u0219i alte agen\u021bii federale utilizeaz\u0103, de asemenea, estim\u0103ri ale costului social al metanului (SC-CH4<\/sub>) \u0219i ale costului social al protoxidului de azot (SC-N2<\/sub>O) \u00een analiza ac\u021biunilor de reglementare care se preconizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 vor afecta emisiile de CH4<\/sub> sau N2<\/sub>O \u00eentr-un mod coerent cu evaluarea modific\u0103rilor emisiilor de CO2<\/sub>. Estim\u0103rile SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O se bazeaz\u0103 pe rezultatele lui Marten et al. (2015a<\/a> \u0219i 2015b<\/a>), care a furnizat primele estim\u0103ri SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O publicate care sunt \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu ipotezele de modelare care stau la baza estim\u0103rilor SC-CO2<\/sub>. At\u00e2t metodologia de evaluare a daunelor cauzate de emisiile de CH4<\/sub> \u0219i N2<\/sub>O, c\u00e2t \u0219i utilizarea estim\u0103rilor SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O \u00een cadrul analizei cost-beneficiu a reglement\u0103rii au f\u0103cut obiectul unei revizuiri inter pares independente riguroase \u0219i al unor comentarii publice. Pentru mai multe detalii, consulta\u021bi Suplimentul la documentul de suport tehnic (TSD)<\/a> la SC-CO2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 cum se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een documentul din 2010 SC-CO2<\/sub> TSD<\/a>, estim\u0103rile costului social al gazelor cu efect de ser\u0103 cresc \u00een timp, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce se a\u0219teapt\u0103 ca emisiile viitoare s\u0103 provoace daune colaterale mai mari, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce sistemele fizice \u0219i economice sunt supuse unui stres mai mare din cauza unor niveluri mai ridicate de schimb\u0103ri climatice \u0219i pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce PIB-ul cre\u0219te \u00een timp, multe categorii de daune fiind modelate ca propor\u021bie din PIB-ul brut.<\/p>\n

\n

Tabelul \u0219i resursele de mai jos prezint\u0103 setul actual de estim\u0103ri SC-CO2<\/sub>, SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O utilizate \u00een analizele federale de reglementare pentru a evalua modific\u0103rile emisiilor \u00een fiecare an. Setul complet de estim\u0103ri anuale ale SC-CO2<\/sub> pentru perioada 2010-2050 poate fi g\u0103sit \u00een anexa la 2016 TSD<\/a>. Apendicele la TSD<\/a> prezint\u0103 setul complet de estim\u0103ri anuale SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O pentru perioada 2010-2050. Rezultatele complete ale modelului pentru SC-CO2<\/sub>, SC-CH4<\/sub> \u0219i SC-N2<\/sub>O sunt disponibile \u00een documentele pdf ata\u0219ate.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

Costurile pentru societate ale emisiilor de CO2<\/sub>, 2015-2050 \u00een (dolari 2007, pe ton\u0103 de CO2<\/sub>)
\nSursa:Document tehnic de sprijin<\/a>: Actualizare tehnic\u0103 a costului social al carbonului pentru analiza impactului reglement\u0103rii \u00een temeiul Ordinului executiv 12866 (mai 2013, revizuit \u00een august 2016)<\/p>\n

.
\n\"Costul<\/a><\/p>\n

Mai multe informa\u021bii \u0219i resurse:<\/strong><\/p>\n

sc_co2_tsd_august_2016.pdf<\/a>
\naddendum_to_sc-ghg_tsd_august_2016.pdf<\/a>
\nscc_tsd_2010.pdf<\/a>
\nCOT SOCIAL AL CARBONULUI<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 accesa\u021bi CAPSOLE<\/a>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evaluarea beneficiilor reducerii emisiilor de gaze cu efect de ser\u0103. Agen\u021bia pentru Protec\u021bia Mediului din SUA (EPA) a publicat \u00een 2015 un raport actualizat care estimeaz\u0103 costul total al carbonului pentru societate. Figura de mai jos \u0219i figurile din anexele originale rezum\u0103 aceste costuri \u00een timp, \u00een func\u021bie de diferite riscuri \u0219i ipoteze ale \u0219tiin\u021bei climei. Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103, pentru fiecare ton\u0103 de dioxid de carbon pe care o emitem \u00een atmosfer\u0103, vom sacrifica \u00eentre 42 \u0219i 138 de dolari \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te degradarea mediului \u0219i impactul social negativ \u00eentre 2020 \u0219i 2025. \u00cen practic\u0103, aceste ar trebui s\u0103 fie luate \u00een considerare \u00een pre\u021bul creditelor de carbon. EPA \u0219i alte agen\u021bii federale utilizeaz\u0103 estim\u0103ri ale costului social al emisiilor de dioxid de carbon (SC-CO2) pentru a evalua impactul asupra climei al reglement\u0103rilor. SC-CO2 reprezint\u0103 o m\u0103sur\u0103 \u00een dolari a daunelor pe termen lung cauzate de emiterea unei tone de dioxid de carbon (CO2) \u00eentr-un anumit an. Aceast\u0103 valoare \u00een dolari este, de asemenea, valoarea daunelor care pot fi evitate cu mici reduceri de emisii (adic\u0103 beneficiul reducerilor de CO2). Ceast\u0103 valoare \u00een dolari este, de asemenea, valoarea daunelor care pot fi evitate cu mici reduceri de emisii (adic\u0103 beneficiul reducerilor de CO2) Sc-CO2 este o estimare cuprinz\u0103toare a daunelor cauzate de schimb\u0103rile climatice \u0219i include modific\u0103ri ale productivit\u0103\u021bii agricole nete, ale s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii umane, daune materiale cauzate de cre\u0219terea riscului de inunda\u021bii \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale costurilor sistemelor energetice, cum ar fi reduceri ale costurilor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i cre\u0219teri ale costurilor de aer condi\u021bionat. Cu toate acestea, din cauza limit\u0103rii actuale a model\u0103rii \u0219i a datelor, nu sunt incluse toate daunele importante. Cel de-al cincilea raport de evaluare al IPCC a constatat c\u0103 estim\u0103rile SC-CO2 omit o serie de efecte care ar putea cre\u0219te daunele. Modelele utilizate pentru a elabora estim\u0103rile SC-CO2, a\u0219a-numitele modele de evaluare integrat\u0103, nu includ \u00een prezent toate efectele fizice, ecologice \u0219i economice importante ale schimb\u0103rilor climatice recunoscute \u00een literatura de specialitate, din cauza lipsei de informa\u021bii exacte privind natura daunelor \u0219i a faptului c\u0103 rezultatele \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u00eencorporate \u00een aceste modele sunt, \u00een mod natural, \u00een dezacord cu cele mai recente cercet\u0103ri. Cu toate acestea, estim\u0103rile actuale ale SC-CO2 ofer\u0103 o m\u0103sur\u0103 util\u0103 pentru evaluarea impactului climatic al schimb\u0103rilor \u00een emisiile de CO2. EPA \u0219i alte agen\u021bii federale utilizeaz\u0103, de asemenea, estim\u0103ri ale costului social al metanului (SC-CH4) \u0219i ale costului social al protoxidului de azot (SC-N2O) \u00een analiza ac\u021biunilor de reglementare care se preconizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 vor afecta emisiile de CH4 sau N2O \u00eentr-un mod coerent cu evaluarea modific\u0103rilor emisiilor de CO2. Estim\u0103rile SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O se bazeaz\u0103 pe rezultatele lui Marten et al. (2015a \u0219i 2015b), care a furnizat primele estim\u0103ri SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O publicate care sunt \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu ipotezele de modelare care stau la baza estim\u0103rilor SC-CO2. At\u00e2t metodologia de evaluare a daunelor cauzate de emisiile de CH4 \u0219i N2O, c\u00e2t \u0219i utilizarea estim\u0103rilor SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O \u00een cadrul analizei cost-beneficiu a reglement\u0103rii au f\u0103cut obiectul unei revizuiri inter pares independente riguroase \u0219i al unor comentarii publice. Pentru mai multe detalii, consulta\u021bi Suplimentul la documentul de suport tehnic (TSD) la SC-CO2. Dup\u0103 cum se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een documentul din 2010 SC-CO2 TSD, estim\u0103rile costului social al gazelor cu efect de ser\u0103 cresc \u00een timp, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce se a\u0219teapt\u0103 ca emisiile viitoare s\u0103 provoace daune colaterale mai mari, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce sistemele fizice \u0219i economice sunt supuse unui stres mai mare din cauza unor niveluri mai ridicate de schimb\u0103ri climatice \u0219i pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce PIB-ul cre\u0219te \u00een timp, multe categorii de daune fiind modelate ca propor\u021bie din PIB-ul brut. Tabelul \u0219i resursele de mai jos prezint\u0103 setul actual de estim\u0103ri SC-CO2, SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O utilizate \u00een analizele federale de reglementare pentru a evalua modific\u0103rile emisiilor \u00een fiecare an. Setul complet de estim\u0103ri anuale ale SC-CO2 pentru perioada 2010-2050 poate fi g\u0103sit \u00een anexa la 2016 TSD. Apendicele la TSD prezint\u0103 setul complet de estim\u0103ri anuale SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O pentru perioada 2010-2050. Rezultatele complete ale modelului pentru SC-CO2, SC-CH4 \u0219i SC-N2O sunt disponibile \u00een documentele pdf ata\u0219ate. . Costurile pentru societate ale emisiilor de CO2, 2015-2050 \u00een (dolari 2007, pe ton\u0103 de CO2) Sursa:Document tehnic de sprijin: Actualizare tehnic\u0103 a costului social al carbonului pentru analiza impactului reglement\u0103rii \u00een temeiul Ordinului executiv 12866 (mai 2013, revizuit \u00een august 2016) . Mai multe informa\u021bii \u0219i resurse: sc_co2_tsd_august_2016.pdf addendum_to_sc-ghg_tsd_august_2016.pdf scc_tsd_2010.pdf COT SOCIAL AL CARBONULUI V\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 accesa\u021bi CAPSOLE<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":168,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[19,15,11,12,17,16,18,20,13,14,5],"class_list":["post-36","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-voluntary-carbon-registry","tag-co2-tarsadalmi-koltsege","tag-co2-csokkentes","tag-egyesult-allamok-kornyezetvedelmi-ugynoksege","tag-epa","tag-sc-ch4","tag-sc-co2","tag-sc-n2o","tag-social-cost-of-carbon","tag-szen-dioxid-koltseg","tag-szen-dioxid-kibocsatasi-egysegek","tag-uveghazhatasu-gazok"],"yoast_head":"\nCostul social al emisiilor de GES<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Az \u00dcHG 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